Report Code : CVMI2603252601425 | Published Date : March 30, 2025

1 | Market Overview

The global market for chlorhexidine gluconate (CHG) wipes is growing steadily due to increasing demand for infection control in healthcare environments. CHG wipes are antimicrobial skin wipes widely used for preoperative skin preparation, patient bathing in ICUs, and preventing catheter-related infections. Their use helps lower the incidence of hospital-acquired infections (HAIs) such as bloodstream infections (BSIs) and surgical site infections (SSIs).

The market growth is driven by rising global healthcare-associated infection rates, increased focus on patient safety, and greater adoption in home care and outpatient procedures. Advances in skin-friendly formulations and the growing preference for alcohol-free CHG wipes also help expand the market.

 

2 | Market Size and Forecast

Year

Market Value (USD Billion)

Notes

2019

1.12

Historical benchmark

2024

1.86

Five-year CAGR 10.7%

2031

4.19

Seven-year CAGR 12.1%

The market is expected to more than double by 2031, driven by increased infection prevention initiatives and growing healthcare infrastructure globally.

 

3 | Key Market Drivers

  • Rising Incidence of HAIs (Hospital-Acquired Infections).
  • Increased Surgical Procedures and ICU Admissions.
  • Growth in Home Healthcare and Outpatient Care.
  • Technological Advancements in CHG Formulations (Alcohol-Free, Sensitive Skin).
  • Global Focus on Infection Prevention Programs and Guidelines.

 

4 | Market Challenges

  • Skin Irritation or Allergic Reactions in Some Patients.
  • High Cost Compared to Standard Wipes.
  • Limited Penetration in Low-Resource Healthcare Settings.
  • Regulatory Compliance for Antiseptic Claims Across Regions.

 

5 | Competitive Landscape

The CHG wipes market is moderately consolidated, with key players dominating hospital-grade and consumer infection prevention segments.

Market Share Estimates (2024):

Company

Estimated Market Share

Key Products

3M

24%

3M™ CHG Wipes for skin preparation

BD (CareFusion)

19%

ChloraPrep® CHG wipes

Mölnlycke Health Care

15%

Hibiclens® and CHG skin wipes

Sage Products (Stryker)

14%

Comfort Bath® CHG Cleansing Cloths

Others (PDI Healthcare, Cardinal Health, regional OEMs)

28%

Infection prevention wipes

 

6 | Market Segmentation
By Product Type:

  • Alcohol-Based CHG Wipes
  • Alcohol-Free CHG Wipes

 

By Application:

  • Surgical Site Preparation
  • ICU Patient Bathing
  • Catheter-Related Infection Prevention
  • General Skin Antisepsis

 

By End User:

  • Hospitals
  • Ambulatory Surgical Centers (ASCs)
  • Long-Term Care Facilities
  • Home Healthcare

 

By Region:

  • North America
  • Europe
  • Asia-Pacific
  • Latin America
  • Middle East & Africa

 

7 | Strategic Outlook

Innovations in skin-friendly CHG wipes, expansion in home healthcare, and global infection control mandates will drive future market growth. Adoption will increase in emerging markets due to rising healthcare investments and heightened infection prevention awareness.





Reasons To Buy

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Scope

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Key Players

  • Sage Products (Stryker)
  • Cardinal Health
  • GAMA Healthcare
  • BD (Becton Dickinson)
  • 3M
  • Medline Industries
  • PDI Healthcare

CHG Wipes Market Report


  1. 1. CHG Wipes Market Research Report
    1. 1.1 Study Objectives
    2. 1.2 CHG Wipes Market - Overview
    3. 1.3 Reason to Read This Report
    4. 1.4 Methodology and Forecast Analysis
  2. 2. CHG Wipes Market Research Report - Preface
    1. 2.1 CHG Wipes Market Research Report – Detailed Scope and Definitions
      1. 2.1.1 By Product Type:
      2. 2.1.2 By Application:
      3. 2.1.3 By End User:
      4. 2.1.4 By Region
  3. 3. CHG Wipes Market Dynamics
    1. 3.1. Drivers - Macro-Economic Based, Supply Side, and Demand Side Drivers
    2. 3.2. Restraints – By Product Type:, By Application:, By End User:, By Country
    3. 3.3. Opportunities – By Product Type:, By Application:, By End User:, By Country
    4. 3.4. Trends – By Product Type:, By Application:, By End User:, By Country
    5. 3.5. PEST Analysis
    6. 3.6. Porters Five Rule Analysis
    7. 3.7. Company’s Share Analysis (CSA) by Region or By Country
    8. 3.8. CHG Wipes Market Research Report – DROTs Impact Analysis
    1. 4. CHG Wipes Market Research Report, Historic Data 2019 - 2023 and Forecast Analysis Data 2024 - 2031
    2. 4.1. Market Performance Review & Future Outlook: Assessing 2019 - 2023 and Predicting 2024 - 2031 Trends (USD Millions)
    3. 4.2. Annual Market Trend Assessment – Year-on-Year (YoY) Growth Analysis (%)
    4. 4.3. Incremental Market Value/Volume Opportunity between 2019 - 2023 and 2024 - 2031
    5. 4.4. Market Shares Analysis in Years - 2019, 2023, 2024 and 2031
  1. 5. CHG Wipes Market, By Product Type:, 2019 - 2023 and Forecast, 2024 - 2031 (Market Value, In USD Mn)
    1. 5.1 Alcohol-Based CHG Wipes
    2. 5.1.1 Market Performance Review & Future Outlook: Assessing 2019 - 2023 and Predicting 2024 - 2031 Trends (USD Millions)
    3. 5.1.2 Annual Market Trend Assessment – Yearly Growth Observation (Y-O-Y)(%)
    4. 5.1.3 Incremental Market Value/Volume Opportunity between 2019 - 2023 and From 2024 to 2031
    5. 5.1.4 Market Shares Analysis in Years - 2019, 2023, 2024 and 2031
    6. 5.2 Alcohol-Free CHG Wipes
    7. 5.2.1 Market Performance Review & Future Outlook: Assessing 2019 - 2023 and Predicting 2024 - 2031 Trends (USD Millions)
    8. 5.2.2 Annual Market Trend Assessment – Yearly Growth Observation (Y-O-Y)(%)
    9. 5.2.3 Incremental Market Value/Volume Opportunity between 2019 - 2023 and From 2024 to 2031
    10. 5.2.4 Market Shares Analysis in Years - 2019, 2023, 2024 and 2031
    6. CHG Wipes Market, By Application:, 2019 - 2023 and Forecast, 2024 - 2031 (Market Value, In USD Mn)
    1. 6.1 Surgical Site Preparation
    2. 6.1.1 Market Performance Review & Future Outlook: Assessing 2019 - 2023 and Predicting 2024 - 2031 Trends (USD Millions)
    3. 6.1.2 Annual Market Trend Assessment – Yearly Growth Observation (Y-O-Y)(%)
    4. 6.1.3 Incremental Market Value/Volume Opportunity between 2019 - 2023 and From 2024 to 2031
    5. 6.1.4 Market Shares Analysis in Years - 2019, 2023, 2024 and 2031
    6. 6.2 ICU Patient Bathing
    7. 6.2.1 Market Performance Review & Future Outlook: Assessing 2019 - 2023 and Predicting 2024 - 2031 Trends (USD Millions)
    8. 6.2.2 Annual Market Trend Assessment – Yearly Growth Observation (Y-O-Y)(%)
    9. 6.2.3 Incremental Market Value/Volume Opportunity between 2019 - 2023 and From 2024 to 2031
    10. 6.2.4 Market Shares Analysis in Years - 2019, 2023, 2024 and 2031
    11. 6.3 Catheter-Related Infection Prevention
    12. 6.3.1 Market Performance Review & Future Outlook: Assessing 2019 - 2023 and Predicting 2024 - 2031 Trends (USD Millions)
    13. 6.3.2 Annual Market Trend Assessment – Yearly Growth Observation (Y-O-Y)(%)
    14. 6.3.3 Incremental Market Value/Volume Opportunity between 2019 - 2023 and From 2024 to 2031
    15. 6.3.4 Market Shares Analysis in Years - 2019, 2023, 2024 and 2031
    16. 6.4 General Skin Antisepsis
    17. 6.4.1 Market Performance Review & Future Outlook: Assessing 2019 - 2023 and Predicting 2024 - 2031 Trends (USD Millions)
    18. 6.4.2 Annual Market Trend Assessment – Yearly Growth Observation (Y-O-Y)(%)
    19. 6.4.3 Incremental Market Value/Volume Opportunity between 2019 - 2023 and From 2024 to 2031
    20. 6.4.4 Market Shares Analysis in Years - 2019, 2023, 2024 and 2031
    7. CHG Wipes Market, By End User:, 2019 - 2023 and Forecast, 2024 - 2031 (Market Value, In USD Mn)
    1. 7.1 Hospitals
    2. 7.1.1 Market Performance Review & Future Outlook: Assessing 2019 - 2023 and Predicting 2024 - 2031 Trends (USD Millions)
    3. 7.1.2 Annual Market Trend Assessment – Yearly Growth Observation (Y-O-Y)(%)
    4. 7.1.3 Incremental Market Value/Volume Opportunity between 2019 - 2023 and From 2024 to 2031
    5. 7.1.4 Market Shares Analysis in Years - 2019, 2023, 2024 and 2031
    6. 7.2 Ambulatory Surgical Centers (ASCs)
    7. 7.2.1 Market Performance Review & Future Outlook: Assessing 2019 - 2023 and Predicting 2024 - 2031 Trends (USD Millions)
    8. 7.2.2 Annual Market Trend Assessment – Yearly Growth Observation (Y-O-Y)(%)
    9. 7.2.3 Incremental Market Value/Volume Opportunity between 2019 - 2023 and From 2024 to 2031
    10. 7.2.4 Market Shares Analysis in Years - 2019, 2023, 2024 and 2031
    11. 7.3 Long-Term Care Facilities
    12. 7.3.1 Market Performance Review & Future Outlook: Assessing 2019 - 2023 and Predicting 2024 - 2031 Trends (USD Millions)
    13. 7.3.2 Annual Market Trend Assessment – Yearly Growth Observation (Y-O-Y)(%)
    14. 7.3.3 Incremental Market Value/Volume Opportunity between 2019 - 2023 and From 2024 to 2031
    15. 7.3.4 Market Shares Analysis in Years - 2019, 2023, 2024 and 2031
    16. 7.4 Home Healthcare
    17. 7.4.1 Market Performance Review & Future Outlook: Assessing 2019 - 2023 and Predicting 2024 - 2031 Trends (USD Millions)
    18. 7.4.2 Annual Market Trend Assessment – Yearly Growth Observation (Y-O-Y)(%)
    19. 7.4.3 Incremental Market Value/Volume Opportunity between 2019 - 2023 and From 2024 to 2031
    20. 7.4.4 Market Shares Analysis in Years - 2019, 2023, 2024 and 2031
  1. 8. CHG Wipes Market Forecast, By Region, 2019 - 2023 and 2024 - 2031 (Market Value, In USD Mn)
    1. 8.1 North America
      1. 8.1.1 Market Performance Review & Future Outlook: Assessing 2019 - 2023 and Predicting 2024 - 2031 Trends (USD Millions)
      2. 8.1.2 Annual Market Trend Assessment – Yearly Growth Observation (Y-O-Y)(%)
      3. 8.1.3 Incremental Market Value/Volume Opportunity between 2019 - 2023 and From 2024 to 2031
      4. 8.1.4 Market Shares Analysis in Years - 2019, 2023, 2024 and 2031
      8.2 Europe
      1. 8.2.1 Market Performance Review & Future Outlook: Assessing 2019 - 2023 and Predicting 2024 - 2031 Trends (USD Millions)
      2. 8.2.2 Annual Market Trend Assessment – Yearly Growth Observation (Y-O-Y)(%)
      3. 8.2.3 Incremental Market Value/Volume Opportunity between 2019 - 2023 and From 2024 to 2031
      4. 8.2.4 Market Shares Analysis in Years - 2019, 2023, 2024 and 2031
      8.3 Asia-Pacific
      1. 8.3.1 Market Performance Review & Future Outlook: Assessing 2019 - 2023 and Predicting 2024 - 2031 Trends (USD Millions)
      2. 8.3.2 Annual Market Trend Assessment – Yearly Growth Observation (Y-O-Y)(%)
      3. 8.3.3 Incremental Market Value/Volume Opportunity between 2019 - 2023 and From 2024 to 2031
      4. 8.3.4 Market Shares Analysis in Years - 2019, 2023, 2024 and 2031
      8.4 Latin America
      1. 8.4.1 Market Performance Review & Future Outlook: Assessing 2019 - 2023 and Predicting 2024 - 2031 Trends (USD Millions)
      2. 8.4.2 Annual Market Trend Assessment – Yearly Growth Observation (Y-O-Y)(%)
      3. 8.4.3 Incremental Market Value/Volume Opportunity between 2019 - 2023 and From 2024 to 2031
      4. 8.4.4 Market Shares Analysis in Years - 2019, 2023, 2024 and 2031
      8.5 Middle East and Africa
      1. 8.5.1 Market Performance Review & Future Outlook: Assessing 2019 - 2023 and Predicting 2024 - 2031 Trends (USD Millions)
      2. 8.5.2 Annual Market Trend Assessment – Yearly Growth Observation (Y-O-Y)(%)
      3. 8.5.3 Incremental Market Value/Volume Opportunity between 2019 - 2023 and From 2024 to 2031
      4. 8.5.4 Market Shares Analysis in Years - 2019, 2023, 2024 and 2031
      8.6 CHG Wipes Market - Opportunity Analysis Index, By Product Type:, By Application:, By End User:, and Region, 2024 - 2031
  1. 9. North America CHG Wipes Market Analysis, 2019 - 2023 and Forecast, 2024 - 2031 (Market Value, In USD Mn)
    1. 9.1 By Product Type: Analysis 2019 - 2023 and Forecast, 2024 - 2031 by Market Assessment (USD Mn), Yearly Growth Rate (%), and Market Presence (%)
      1. 9.1.1 Alcohol-Based CHG Wipes
      2. 9.1.2 Alcohol-Free CHG Wipes
      9.2 By Application: Analysis 2019 - 2023 and Forecast, 2024 - 2031 by Market Assessment (USD Mn), Yearly Growth Rate (%), and Market Presence (%)
      1. 9.2.1 Surgical Site Preparation
      2. 9.2.2 ICU Patient Bathing
      3. 9.2.3 Catheter-Related Infection Prevention
      4. 9.2.4 General Skin Antisepsis
      9.3 By End User: Analysis 2019 - 2023 and Forecast, 2024 - 2031 by Market Assessment (USD Mn), Yearly Growth Rate (%), and Market Presence (%)
      1. 9.3.1 Hospitals
      2. 9.3.2 Ambulatory Surgical Centers (ASCs)
      3. 9.3.3 Long-Term Care Facilities
      4. 9.3.4 Home Healthcare
      9.4 Country Analysis 2019 - 2023 and Forecast, 2024 - 2031 by Market Assessment (USD Mn), Yearly Growth Rate (%), and Market Presence (%)
      1. 9.4.1 United States
      2. 9.4.2 Canada
    2. 9.5 North America CHG Wipes Market – Opportunity Analysis Index, By Product Type:, By Application:, By End User:, and Country, 2024 - 2031
    3. 9.6 Regional Trends Analysis
    4. 9.7 North America CHG Wipes Market Research Report - Company Profiles
      1. 9.7.1 Company 1 (United States)
      2. 9.7.2 Company 2 (Canada)
      3. 9.7.3 Company 3 (Canada)
    10. Europe CHG Wipes Market Analysis, 2019 - 2023 and Forecast, 2024 - 2031 (Market Value, In USD Mn)
    1. 10.1 By Product Type: Analysis 2019 - 2023 and Forecast, 2024 - 2031 by Market Assessment (USD Mn), Yearly Growth Rate (%), and Market Presence (%)
      1. 10.1.1 Alcohol-Based CHG Wipes
      2. 10.1.2 Alcohol-Free CHG Wipes
      10.2 By Application: Analysis 2019 - 2023 and Forecast, 2024 - 2031 by Market Assessment (USD Mn), Yearly Growth Rate (%), and Market Presence (%)
      1. 10.2.1 Surgical Site Preparation
      2. 10.2.2 ICU Patient Bathing
      3. 10.2.3 Catheter-Related Infection Prevention
      4. 10.2.4 General Skin Antisepsis
      10.3 By End User: Analysis 2019 - 2023 and Forecast, 2024 - 2031 by Market Assessment (USD Mn), Yearly Growth Rate (%), and Market Presence (%)
      1. 10.3.1 Hospitals
      2. 10.3.2 Ambulatory Surgical Centers (ASCs)
      3. 10.3.3 Long-Term Care Facilities
      4. 10.3.4 Home Healthcare
      10.4 Country Analysis 2019 - 2023 and Forecast, 2024 - 2031 by Market Assessment (USD Mn), Yearly Growth Rate (%), and Market Presence (%)
      1. 10.4.1 Germany
      2. 10.4.2 United Kingdom
      3. 10.4.3 France
      4. 10.4.4 Spain
      5. 10.4.5 Italy
      6. 10.4.6 Russia
    2. 10.5 Europe CHG Wipes Market – Opportunity Analysis Index, By Product Type:, By Application:, By End User:, and Country, 2024 - 2031
    3. 10.6 Regional Trends Analysis
    4. 10.7 Europe CHG Wipes Market Research Report - Company Profiles
      1. 10.7.1 Company 1 (Germany)
      2. 10.7.2 Company 2 (United Kingdom)
      3. 10.7.3 Company 3 (United Kingdom)
    11. Asia-Pacific CHG Wipes Market Analysis, 2019 - 2023 and Forecast, 2024 - 2031 (Market Value, In USD Mn)
    1. 11.1 By Product Type: Analysis 2019 - 2023 and Forecast, 2024 - 2031 by Market Assessment (USD Mn), Yearly Growth Rate (%), and Market Presence (%)
      1. 11.1.1 Alcohol-Based CHG Wipes
      2. 11.1.2 Alcohol-Free CHG Wipes
      11.2 By Application: Analysis 2019 - 2023 and Forecast, 2024 - 2031 by Market Assessment (USD Mn), Yearly Growth Rate (%), and Market Presence (%)
      1. 11.2.1 Surgical Site Preparation
      2. 11.2.2 ICU Patient Bathing
      3. 11.2.3 Catheter-Related Infection Prevention
      4. 11.2.4 General Skin Antisepsis
      11.3 By End User: Analysis 2019 - 2023 and Forecast, 2024 - 2031 by Market Assessment (USD Mn), Yearly Growth Rate (%), and Market Presence (%)
      1. 11.3.1 Hospitals
      2. 11.3.2 Ambulatory Surgical Centers (ASCs)
      3. 11.3.3 Long-Term Care Facilities
      4. 11.3.4 Home Healthcare
      11.4 Country Analysis 2019 - 2023 and Forecast, 2024 - 2031 by Market Assessment (USD Mn), Yearly Growth Rate (%), and Market Presence (%)
      1. 11.4.1 China
      2. 11.4.2 Japan
      3. 11.4.3 India
      4. 11.4.4 South Korea
      5. 11.4.5 Australia & New Zealand
      6. 11.4.6 ASEAN
    2. 11.5 Asia-Pacific CHG Wipes Market – Opportunity Analysis Index, By Product Type:, By Application:, By End User:, and Country, 2024 - 2031
    3. 11.6 Regional Trends Analysis
    4. 11.7 Asia-Pacific CHG Wipes Market Research Report - Company Profiles
      1. 11.7.1 Company 1 (China)
      2. 11.7.2 Company 2 (Japan)
      3. 11.7.3 Company 3 (Japan)
    12. Latin America CHG Wipes Market Analysis, 2019 - 2023 and Forecast, 2024 - 2031 (Market Value, In USD Mn)
    1. 12.1 By Product Type: Analysis 2019 - 2023 and Forecast, 2024 - 2031 by Market Assessment (USD Mn), Yearly Growth Rate (%), and Market Presence (%)
      1. 12.1.1 Alcohol-Based CHG Wipes
      2. 12.1.2 Alcohol-Free CHG Wipes
      12.2 By Application: Analysis 2019 - 2023 and Forecast, 2024 - 2031 by Market Assessment (USD Mn), Yearly Growth Rate (%), and Market Presence (%)
      1. 12.2.1 Surgical Site Preparation
      2. 12.2.2 ICU Patient Bathing
      3. 12.2.3 Catheter-Related Infection Prevention
      4. 12.2.4 General Skin Antisepsis
      12.3 By End User: Analysis 2019 - 2023 and Forecast, 2024 - 2031 by Market Assessment (USD Mn), Yearly Growth Rate (%), and Market Presence (%)
      1. 12.3.1 Hospitals
      2. 12.3.2 Ambulatory Surgical Centers (ASCs)
      3. 12.3.3 Long-Term Care Facilities
      4. 12.3.4 Home Healthcare
      12.4 Country Analysis 2019 - 2023 and Forecast, 2024 - 2031 by Market Assessment (USD Mn), Yearly Growth Rate (%), and Market Presence (%)
      1. 12.4.1 Brazil
      2. 12.4.2 Mexico
      3. 12.4.3 Argentina
      4. 12.4.4 Peru
      5. 12.4.5 Colombia
      6. 12.4.6 Rest of Latin America
    2. 12.5 Latin America CHG Wipes Market – Opportunity Analysis Index, By Product Type:, By Application:, By End User:, and Country, 2024 - 2031
    3. 12.6 Regional Trends Analysis
    4. 12.7 Latin America CHG Wipes Market Research Report - Company Profiles
      1. 12.7.1 Company 1 (Brazil)
      2. 12.7.2 Company 2 (Mexico)
      3. 12.7.3 Company 3 (Mexico)
    13. Middle East and Africa CHG Wipes Market Analysis, 2019 - 2023 and Forecast, 2024 - 2031 (Market Value, In USD Mn)
    1. 13.1 By Product Type: Analysis 2019 - 2023 and Forecast, 2024 - 2031 by Market Assessment (USD Mn), Yearly Growth Rate (%), and Market Presence (%)
      1. 13.1.1 Alcohol-Based CHG Wipes
      2. 13.1.2 Alcohol-Free CHG Wipes
      13.2 By Application: Analysis 2019 - 2023 and Forecast, 2024 - 2031 by Market Assessment (USD Mn), Yearly Growth Rate (%), and Market Presence (%)
      1. 13.2.1 Surgical Site Preparation
      2. 13.2.2 ICU Patient Bathing
      3. 13.2.3 Catheter-Related Infection Prevention
      4. 13.2.4 General Skin Antisepsis
      13.3 By End User: Analysis 2019 - 2023 and Forecast, 2024 - 2031 by Market Assessment (USD Mn), Yearly Growth Rate (%), and Market Presence (%)
      1. 13.3.1 Hospitals
      2. 13.3.2 Ambulatory Surgical Centers (ASCs)
      3. 13.3.3 Long-Term Care Facilities
      4. 13.3.4 Home Healthcare
      13.4 Country Analysis 2019 - 2023 and Forecast, 2024 - 2031 by Market Assessment (USD Mn), Yearly Growth Rate (%), and Market Presence (%)
      1. 13.4.1 Saudi Arabia
      2. 13.4.2 UAE
      3. 13.4.3 South Africa
      4. 13.4.4 Egypt
      5. 13.4.5 Israel
      6. 13.4.6 Rest of Middle East and Africa
    2. 13.5 Middle East and Africa CHG Wipes Market – Opportunity Analysis Index, By Product Type:, By Application:, By End User:, and Country, 2024 - 2031
    3. 13.6 Regional Trends Analysis
    4. 13.7 Middle East and Africa CHG Wipes Market Research Report - Company Profiles
      1. 13.7.1 Company 1 (Saudi Arabia)
      2. 13.7.2 Company 2 (UAE)
      3. 13.7.3 Company 3 (UAE)
    14. Competition Landscape
    1. 14.1 Strategic Dashboard of Top Market Players
    2. 14.2 Company Profiles (Introduction, Financial Assessments, Portfolio of Offerings, Milestones and Achievements, Strategic Initiative, and SWOT Analysis)
      1. 14.2.1 3M Company
      2. 14.2.2 Cardinal Health
      3. 14.2.3 BD (Becton
      4. 14.2.4 Dickinson and Company)
      5. 14.2.5 GAMA Healthcare
      6. 14.2.6 Medline Industries
      7. 14.2.7 Molnlycke Health Care
      8. 14.2.8 Stryker Corporation
      9. 14.2.9 Pal International
      10. 14.2.10 Ecolab Inc.
      11. 14.2.11 PDI Healthcare
      12. 14.2.12 Professional Disposables International
      13. 14.2.13 HARTMANN Group
      14. 14.2.14 Clinicept Healthcare Ltd.
      15. 14.2.15 Reynard Health Supplies
      16. 14.2.16 Sage Products LLC.
  1. 15. Data Collection Method and Research Approach
  2. 16. Principal Presumptions and Acronyms